Key themes | Representative quote | % |
---|---|---|
Based on your observations, what do people typically talk about during debriefings? | ||
Technical and medical issues | “Mainly technical issues [...] I really have to make an effort not to stick to technical stuff.” | 30.2 |
Teamwork | “[...] one of the classic issues is collaboration among the anaesthetists and the trauma team in the trauma.” | 20.8 |
Critical events and mistakes | “Mostly about mistakes.” | 18.9 |
Room for improvement | “Room for improvement is a major topic in our department.” | 15.1 |
Emotions | “[…] the emotional, the mental component, how was I feeling, what issue does she have, these aren’t always just constructive, because they are exaggerated and very much dramatized.” | 9.4 |
Reflection | “ […] they reflect about the situation, why he or she acted this way, what his or her considerations were […].” | 5.7 |
What should be talked about in debriefings? | ||
Teamwork | “[…] about working together, this is swept under the table.” | 29.2 |
Emotions and perceptions | “I do believe that there should be room for feelings or good feelings in debriefings.” | 18.5 |
Critical events and mistakes | “As unpleasant as is it, (but) we should try to talk about the things that didn’t go well [...].” | 13.9 |
Technical and medical issues | “In the daily clinical routine, the focus is on technique, you have to show and teach your people the basic tools.” | 13.9 |
Room for improvement | “[…] what were the reasons that something didn’t go as planned, such things, yes.” | 12.3 |
Reflection | “[…] but also what was going on in the people’s minds, how they understood it [...].” | 6.2 |
Uncertainty | “I believe we should talk about things that […] entail uncertainties.” | 3.1 |
The complete case | “About the whole procedure, about all scenes, from the beginning until the end, because in the very situation so many things are happening that are running through your mind.” | 3.1 |
Who do you think has the most influence on what is talked about in debriefings? | ||
Debriefer and initiator | “[…] the instructor […] he or she should conduct the conversation. | 31.2 |
Senior / more experienced staff members | “Basically, I would say that experienced staff have more influence, because they feel more confident in their roles.” | 27.9 |
Physicians | “There are indeed attendings who determine what is talked about.” | 21.3 |
Personality | “In principle, I believe that extroverted people say a lot more in a debriefing that those who are reserved, which you can’t change in a debriefing.” | 14.7 |
Everybody | “I believe that everyone has influence, everyone who dares to.” | 3.3 |
Culture | “It very much depends on the culture of the [...] groups.” | 1.6 |
Who do you think has the least influence on what is talked about in debriefings? | ||
People with certain personality characteristics | “Introverted staff will be rather quiet […]” | 42.9 |
Less powerful staff members | “The least the lowest-ranking […]” | 20 |
Nurses | “The nurses are the most reserved.” | 14.3 |
Those with little involvement | “[…] the least the ones who are hardly involved […]” | 8.6 |
Residents | “What I observe is that we, the attendings, do have the most influence on what is talked about because […] the residents keep listening to us automatically.” | 5.7 |
It depends on the respective person | “I believe it depends very much on the person and on whom you’re talking to.” | 5.7 |
Nobody | “… I don’t believe that there is someone who doesn’t have any influence.” | 2.9 |
How do you explain that? | ||
Impact of hierarchy | “The highest-ranking person makes the plan and the rest follows him or her blindly. | 26.5 |
Impact of facilitation | “…the moderator conducts the discussion, but everyone should be able to have a say in it.” | 26.5 |
Impact of experience & expertise | “[…] but they must have some idea of the topic” | 20.4 |
Impact of role & position | “This depends entirely on the role of a participant […]” | 12.2 |
Impact of personality characteristics | “… on the one hand with the […] power/assertiveness of the initiators.” | 6.1 |
Impact of logistics | “This has something to do with the varying shifts and handovers, this makes it difficult […]” | 8.2 |
In your view, who should have the most influence on what is talked about in debriefings? | ||
Senior / more experienced staff members | “I think it is the hierarchical structures in medicine, the person at the top has most influence, and the rest just obeys.” | 40 |
Debriefer | “The person who facilitates the conversation has most influence. They should create an atmosphere in which employees feel comfortable and free to speak up. […]” | 36.7 |
Everybody | “[…] if anyone can initiate it as they please, then there should be no differences.” | 15 |
Other | […] not so much related to the person […] and then not the person with the highest status or the loudest person, […] the most crucial aspects should come up for discussion. | 8.3 |