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Table 2 Four levels of Kirkpatrick’s model

From: Simulation and mental health outcomes: a scoping review

Level 1 = participants react favourably to the learning or intervention.

Level 2 = participants acquired knowledge, skills and attitudes based on the intervention or study.

Level 3 = participants applied what they learnt into practice.

Level 4 = once applied, there was an outcome to that application of skills learnt from the intervention.